The Issue Of Religion And Spirituality - 966 Words

This essay will research the issue whether religion and spirituality can positively affect health. It will explain the differences between religion and spirituality and will research the religion importance in human life as religion or spirituality have a lifestyle for many individuals. Historically religion and spirituality have been seen primitive. People have believed to higher powers as sun, water, air etc. Around the world there are different religions such as Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism, Christianity, Hinduism and more. However, all of them have common aspects as beliefs to higher power trough certain religious rituals. As Moreira-Almeida, Neto and Koenig have suggested â€Å"Religion is an organised system of beliefs, practices, rituals, and symbols designed to facilitate closeness to the sacred or transcendent (God, higher power, or ultimate truth/reality)† (2006, cited in Indian J Psychiatry. 2013 Jan; 55(Suppl 2): S187–S194). Furthermore, spirituality is chosen individually by person and sometimes could be outcome of religion beliefs. It is â€Å"deep-seated individual sense of connection through which each person s life is experienced as contributing to a valued and greater â€Å"whole,† together with a sense of belonging and accep tance. Spirituality is expressed through art, poetry and myth, as well as religious practice. † (Moreira-Almeida, Neto, Koenig, 2006 cited in Indian J Psychiatry. 2013 Jan; 55(Suppl 2): S187–S194). In other words, religions and spiritualityShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues for the Integration of Religion and Spirituality in Therapy1308 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Issues for the Integration of Religion and Spirituality in Therapy Abstract Religion plays an important role in the lives of many people, and in such cases, religious principles and beliefs influence all aspects of their lives. With the increasing interest in spirituality in the community, the intersection of psychological services, religion and spirituality is likely to be a growth area in psychology (Plante, 2007). However, working with clients around religion and spirituality issuesRead MoreWhat Purpose Does Religion Serve? Why Does Religion Continue1215 Words   |  5 PagesWhat purpose does religion serve? Why does religion continue to play an important role in human life? Koenig (2009) declared that atheism is rare, and rather, 90% of the world’s population practices religion or spirituality. Religion and spirituality have ambiguous meanings and are not universally defined. Although difficult to adequately define, Koenig (2009) inferred that â€Å"religion is rooted in an established tradition that arises out of a group of people with common b eliefs and practices concerningRead MoreIntegrate Spirituality into Mental Health Care805 Words   |  3 PagesSpirituality, Religion and Mental Health Since science and religion had started to draw apart in European thinking from the 16th century, by the time Western psychology and psychiatry developed, religion had become marginalized in Western academic thinking as so the disciplines that emerged were secular. Ideas about spirituality – a part of the discourse within religion not science – were excluded from both psychiatry and Western psychology as these disciplines strove increasingly to become ‘scientific’Read MoreSummary Therapists Integration Of Religion And Spirituality921 Words   |  4 PagesSummary-Therapists Integration of Religion Spirituality In this article, there were a 26 survey conducted with 5,579 therapists with the integration of religion and spirituality in counseling. In the study, most therapist consider spirituality through their lives, but does not infrequently participate in religious activities. In the study, it was founded that marriage therapists consider more spirituality during their counseling session than other therapists, and marriage therapists is more likelyRead MoreRelationship Between Religion And Spirituality1536 Words   |  7 PagesBibliography -1 Data from the American Medical Association Physician Master file was used to examine the ways in which psychiatrists’ and other physicians observe, and interpret the relationship between religion and spirituality and in clinical approaches. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the authors examined the comparison of psychiatrists to other physicians to evaluate different religious and demographic characteristics. This study was conducted in the form of surveys in whichRead MoreIntegrating Religious And Spirituality Within Counseling, Explicit Integration, And Integration954 Words   |  4 Pageskey concepts in this study. Religion and spirituality are discussed and compared to the knowledge and skills one learns when dealing with multicultural counseling. Walker, Gorsuch, and Tan (2004), there are three approaches to integrating religious and spirituality in counseling, explicit integration, implicit integration, and intrapersonal integration. Explicit integration â€Å"is a more overt approach that directly and systematically deals with spiritual or religious issues in therapy and uses spiritualRead MoreEthics And Standards For Professional Psychology1264 Words   |  6 PagesProfessional Psychology Professor Peter Lenz May 4, 2015 This paper addresses the complexity of spirituality and religion in a therapeutic setting. This paper includes examples and information regarding upholding the Ethics Code while using religion and spiritual reasoning in psychology. It addresses the issues of a multi-faith setting, information and research on omitting religion and spirituality as well as the importance of maintaining a bias view of any and all religious and spiritual valuesRead MoreThe Authors Conclude With A Few Rehashing Comments Related1658 Words   |  7 Pagescomments related to understanding how spirituality can play an important role in sport psychology research and practice. They close with a statement declaring the potential for further research is vast and the need to further document the importance of spirituality in the lives of athletes and the work of sport psychology consultants. My reflection Mixing religion and spirituality is a touchy issue in or outside of sport psychology and is a major ethical issue for anyone engaged in sport psychologyRead MoreA Review of Therapists Integration of Religion and Spirituality in Counseling1036 Words   |  5 PagesSummary In this meta-analysis of integration of spirituality and religion in the counseling field, the authors seek to understand the skills and attitudes needed to integrate these variables into counseling. Among those that were studied are awareness of one’s own culture and heritage, respect for the diversity found in people concerning spirituality and religion and recognition of one’s helping style and how it may be perceived by clients (Walker, Gorsuch, Tan, 2004). A difficulty that hasRead MoreNeo-Paganism Versus New Age Spirituality Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesNeo-Paganism and New Age Spirituality have very different rules factors. Neo-Paganism, as defined by the Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, is an umbrella term for several spiritual movements that attempt to restore the â€Å"authentic pantheons and rituals† of the ancient polytheistic religions of Europe and the Middle East.(Neo-Paganism) These forms of â€Å"nature-oriented spirituality† are typically pre-Christian and primarily originate in Europe. (Fisher 478) ReligiousTollerance.org sheds some light on how people

America since the Attack on the World Trade Center Essay

Ever since Osama Bin Laden attacked the World Trade Center, America has not been the same. The nation’s ideas of patriotism, democracy and worldviews have changed dramatically, though not for the better. The United States government has become more aggressive, selfish, and suspicious. The people are becoming massively fearful, angry and confused. The image of America to the other nations is becoming distorted and untrue. Our media and our administration’s personal agenda are affecting the people of the United States drastically in their ability to feel safe in their own country. However, there is always a light at any dark hall. The United States need to take drastic steps in turning this awful image of America into a good one,†¦show more content†¦Most people would think a bigger military the safer the nation is; although, those people are highly mistaken because the more weapons the country the more â€Å"vulnerable [countries will feel] to U.S. attack † (Andreas 749). Countries all over the world are already building improved nuclear missiles than America. America’s answer to that is â€Å"keeping enough nuclear fire power to wipe out most humanity† (Andreas 749). By doing the latter, the US government is giving of a definite negative message to the rest of the world. Even in our movies, a negative image of our government is being portrayed. The movie, Team America: World Police, is about an international police force dedicated to maintain global stability. Just in the title, the movie suggests that America polices the world consistently and our government goes on thinking that is the right thing to do. Michael Medved, the author of â€Å"That’s Entertainment, Hollywood’s Contribution to Anti-Americanism Abroad,† even says that the administration will â€Å"use the methods of Rambo to destroy evil† (Medved 779). As our government is becoming more aggressive, the more violent and false patriotism is being portrayed in our media today. Hertsgaard, and Medved discuss about the media’s contribution to the negative image of America. Hertsgaard examines the word â€Å"terrorism† and how it is being over used by our media. He explains â€Å"media elites never apply to the United States or itsShow MoreRela tedConstruction Of An Islamic Community Center At 51 Park Street897 Words   |  4 Pagesconstruction of an Islamic community center at 51 Park Street. This community center would be in close proximity of the site of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center during 9/11. Many people argued that the community center should not be built in such close proximity to the site of the attack. These people believed that the construction of the community center would be insensitive to the those who mourned over the deaths of loved ones. The land surrounding the attack is sacred to Americans. It isRead MoreThe World Trade Center ( 9 / 111523 Words   |  7 Pages9/11 On September 11, 2001 there was tragic moment when terrorists hijacked four civilian airplanes in New York and crashed them into the World Trade Center. 9/11 is a important date to the United States because it was a successful plan for the terrorist who wanted to try and crush the U.S government/ Economy .Al Qaeda was the main organization who was behind the idea to hijack American airlines. After 9/11 changes occurred, stricter laws were being passed by congress, the government became veryRead MoreThe Tragedy That Was 9/111677 Words   |  7 PagesAn event that sent the United States into emotional and economical distress, the attacks on the World Trade Centers on September 11, 2001 opened the eyes of Americans to the threat of terrorism. As the world watched, three planes were flown into each of the World Trade Centers and the Pentagon. The unexpected attack stunned americans everywhere and sent them into a feeling of confusion and want for those responsible to be punished. Aft er investigation, it was discovered that those responsibleRead More9/11 Cause Effect1279 Words   |  6 Pageshere. But the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were an attack on the heart of America† (Newman). For every cause there is an effect, and unfortunately the effects of 9/11 are disturbing. I like to say that everything happens for a reason, and the reasons of 9/11 still continue to puzzle the people today. The attacks on world trade center and pentagon on September 11 2001 were tragic and devastating not only for the victims, but all the people of United States of America. The tragicRead MoreAmerica s Views On Safety And Vigilance1433 Words   |  6 Pages11th, 2001, is the event where the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, occurred. The attack resulted in over two thousand deaths and six thousand injuries. 15 years ago, America was not officially engaged in any wars and the United States deported half the amount of people that they do today. This attack impacted America’s views on safety and vigilance notably. After being hijacked, four commercial planes deliberately crashed into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The fourth planeRead MoreAttack on the World Trade Center1620 Words   |  7 Pagesin and out of the World Trade Center. Millions of the people were in morning rush hour on their way from their homes to work. The World Trade Center was a symbol of U.S. power and financial strength, but that was about to change. A few minutes after 9:00 a.m., the sky was not sunny and clear as it had just been minutes before. There was smoke, dust, and debris everywhere. Two jet airplanes, hijacked by religious terrorists, crashed into the twin towers of the World Trade Center and blowup. The impactRead MoreThe Bombing Of Twin Towers1654 Words   |  7 Pages Twin Towers as known as World Trade Center in New York, U.S.A. were opened on April 4, 1973, and were destroyed in the 2001. Twin towers were one of the largest trading buildings in the world. Lot’s of people worked for it and visited there. They had almost controlled U.S. economy when they were existed. However, they got attacked on Setember, 2001. The attacks were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group Al-Qaeda on the United States on the morning of TuesdayRead MoreTerrorism Against Muslim Interests And The Sanctions Against Iraq1627 Words   |  7 Pagesis al-Qaeda’s motives for attacking America. (9/11 News Feed) The idea for the attacks came from Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, who first presented it to Osama bin Laden in 1996. Khalid Sheikh Mohammed came up with the plans for attacks. He came up with where to hit, what buildings to hit, and at what height and angle to hit them. Osama Bin Laden approved the plans, but he disapproved a couple of the targeted building saying it would be hard to coordinate all the attacks. (National Commission) After all theRead MoreSeptember 11, 2001, is a date that will forever be remembered not because of the terrorists that1400 Words   |  6 Pagesforever be remembered not because of the terrorists that attacked America, but for the patriots who sacrificed their lives to save hundreds of innocent people. 9/11 is an attack by Islamic hijackers. The main strike is on the World Trade Centers. There were four planes included in the invasions. They included: Flight 93, Flight 11, Flight 175, and Flight 77. After the raids America had some plans and new thoughts. During the attacks, the motives that the terrorists had were awful. I do not agree withRead MoreThe United States 9 / 11 Attacks On The Middle East And Middle Eastern American Center Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pagesinterest in Muslims since the attacks on America, it was inevitable that this would change the way Muslims would be viewed in the United States. The 9/11 attacks - carried out by nineteen Islamic extremists - have no doubt changed how Muslim-Americans are perceived in this country, and those feelings have simmered for 15 years now. Even though a stigma against the Muslim American community had been growing in the US because of wars and conflicts, the attacks on the world trade centers in New york marked

Human Resource Management Perspectives

Question: Write a report about the role of the line manager in Human Resource Management in a large hospital setting. Answer: Introduction: The line managers play a central role in human resource management. In large organisations like hospital it is burdened with myriad HR related activities which consists of filling out the performance appraisals interviewing the candidate and recommending the employment related rules. The prevailing overview of the study has been so far that the managers act primarily on behalf of the organisation by applying the human resource policies in conformity with the organisational procedures. The report presents the functional role of the line managers in the separate human resource process such as personnel selection and performance appraisals. The report further illustrates that most of the work is focussed on describing the various ways in which the line manages base their decision-making. The line managers execute the human resource policies so that it can pursue a combination of organisational, departmental and individual goals. This report investigates the role of the line managers in the HR activities. The paper demonstrates that the line managers and the HR rules and regulations are consistent with the organisational rules and practices. The role of line manager and HR Manager in organisation Line manager have the responsibility for directly administering the individual employees or a particular team in large hospital. They are responsible to report to the senior rank of administration regarding the performance along with the employees or the set of teams, which the line managers administer in hospitals (Abele and Suess 2015). The front line manager is considered as more precise and usually refers to the line managers in subordinate layers of the management hierarchy. This is where the line managers manages employees who do not have any managerial responsibilities, rather than the managers. Front line managers are on regular basis promoted from within the organisation of large hospital having managerial education. There are management responsibilities carried out by the line managers in large hospitals includes; Day to day management of staffs and people in hospitals Administering the cost of operations Offering technical expertise The line managers in large hospitals allocates work and rotas The line manager in hospitals monitors work and checks the quality on regular basis. The line managers also deals with customers and clients in hospitals The line managers measures operational performance of each employees in large hospitals The relationships in relation to human resource management and line managers has been subjected to numerous change and filled with stress in the current years. Changes and modification in the liberation of human resources practices have shifted the responsibilities for several central activities in large hospitals, which consists of recruitment and setting up of objective away from the human resources practices (Bhambri and Miles 2012). In addition to this, the tendency towards individualisation of the employment relationships has put up a new weights and opportunities in the hands of line managers. Goals of Human resource management: The line managers and the human resource department plays an vital function in the accomplishment of the large hospitals. The line managers and the human resource departments within the organisation oversees the employees relations which consists of determining their remuneration and wages, hiring and recruitment of staff and creating objectives regarding the performance of employees. The policies and objectives laid down by the line managers comply with the Human resource practices keeping in mind the overall all goals of the hospitals and the objectives of the organisation (Gallo et al 2013). Purpose: A number of the overall objectives of human resource administration is to ensure that the all the workforce execute their responsibility in order to endorse the goals of the organisation. The line managers on the other hand are also responsible to ensure that the employees take the full advantage of their potential and place a right employee in the right position. Business activities: Line managers in collaboration with the human resource activities encompass a sequence of trade activities and actions used by the workforce within the hospitals. The guidelines and measures of the human resource typically consisting of the expectations, which the line managers anticipate from the employees along with the benefit and reimbursement, presented to the workforce. Some of the most important activities executed by the line managers consist of training and recruitment of employees and the retention of the valuable employees. Planning: The line managers develop and designs programmes in order to make certain that the performance of the workforce within the hospital are united with the mission of the organisation. The line managers critically analyses the rationale of the mission and create actions and measures in order to regulate the process of selection and development of the organisations employees (Gilbert et al 2015). Classification: In relation to the implementation of plans and procedures in order to attract and retain the employees, the line managers along with the human resource departments determines the significance of job responsibilities which is based on the goals of hospitals. The line managers also classify the job titles along with the responsibilities of each assigned job titles. Ethics: The line managers administer the diversity in large hospitals. The makeup of workforce comprises of an individuals with different backgrounds, qualification and experience. The line managers define the objectives to assure that the differences in employees are respected. Programmes have been established concerning violence, benefits and well-being of a person are usually specified by the large hospitals in the employee personnel manuals. Approach to management of Human resource: The approach, which is called management of human resource, appeared in the theory of 1980. It was mostly talked about human resources management approach. The approach to human resource management in large hospitals is rising and effective management of these resources is of tactical significance to organisations like large hospitals, which can offer competitive benefit over rivals (Lent2013). The following are the approach to management of human resources Personnel management: Personnel management approaches are implemented in hospitals for human resource in order to meet the requirement of certain goals of hospitals, which are namely; objectives relating to employees; goals related to work, objectives related to management changes. The objectives in relation to employees: Recognition of these goals in large hospitals involves establishing organisational structure, determining the types of contracts, which is noteworthy for employees work, selection and development of staff (Bagga and S Srivastava 2015). It is vital for large hospitals to retain the best workforce so that it can maintain the level of competency necessary for the employees. Goals related to work: Authority in the human resource of large hospitals must take care that individuals are stimulated and dedicated to work. To achieve such objectives it is relevant to impart right level of training and development along with setting up a beneficial reward system, employee discipline, and the behaviour of individuals regarding achievement and retention of high standard of workforce and their involvement in the development of new ideas. The objectives concerning the management changes: It is observed that changes do not occur because of external influences in modern hospitals but they are enduring and run through the need for modernism and competitive pressures (Sadri 2012). For large hospitals to acquire such goals, it is necessary to develop and hire individuals who are able to initiate the process of change who have influenced o the acceptance of change. Administrative Approach: These approaches consists of maintaining accurate data regarding the employees, the result of work and training, and operational activities in conformity with the law and which clearly sets out collective regulations regarding the agreement of employees about the monthly payment of remuneration in large hospitals. Figure 1: Key approaches to HRM Source: (Lent 2013) Contextual and overarching themes in HRM HRM research offers several general suggestions regarding the improvement of strategies or at least provides the guidelines to approach HR decision-making process from strategic point of view for large hospitals. Lacking, though are some of the specified recommendation in the contextual themes, which have immediate applicability for practice. The objectives of the contextual and overarching theme is to advance in the human resource fields so that the line managers can strike out the barriers and offer liking strategies to connect the workforce of a large hospitals with the with the strategy of hospitals. From the perspective of line managers, the initial piece of information that is needed before the Human Resource investment decision is to understand the values related to the performance of workforce in large hospitals (Truss et al 2013). In an industry like large hospitals which is focused on imparting service, there are only few such conditions where the performance of the workforce is not significant. Instead, the question arises how the performance of employees makes difference. What matters the most in this contextual themes is that the decision makers must examine their investment. The contextual themes defines that it is necessary to chooses the correct employees and develop the employees which has the capability to make difference and the line managers should retain those employees for efficient functioning of large hospitals where imparting service is primary objective. The higher is the value of the employer performance, the more is the interventions designed to improve the performance, which can generate value. The higher the value associated with the employees performance the more a large hospital may want to invest in this human capital. Decision makers also need to consider what the resources are required to make the strategies of the HR choice (Florn Henrik 2014). Large hospitals must ensure that the resources are needed to make the strategic HR choices. Organisation must consider whether they should make or buy the HR practices as a part of the overall competitive strategies of the organisation. The line managers take the decision to regarding the number of human assets, which can be outsourced for large hospitals. For line managers to build up an exact systems is difficult and the organisations like large hospitals is not virtually stacked against the decision makers. If the line managers illustrate upon the active research, together with their indulgent towards the human workforce and institute a concrete HR systems companies through using a planned approach to HR decision making can win big. Functions of human resource Management and their operational elements A department, which is efficiently run and administered, can offer the structure of hospitals with the ability to meet the needs of business through managing the organisation with more valuable resources and employees. There are numerous such HR decisions in each of the discipline which performance more than one of the below listed six essentials function in large hospitals; Recruitment: The success of the recruitment and employment generally is measured on the number of positions is filled in the workforce and time involved while filling up those positions. Recruiters who work as in house are opposed to the companies, which provide the service of recruitment and staffing. This plays a key role for the line managers in developing the workforce for the large hospitals (Bagga T and S Srivastava 2014). Activities like job posting, sourcing of personnel, screening of applicants and conducting preliminary interview by coordinating with the efforts of line managers are responsible for ultimate selection of candidate. Safety: Administrative centre safety is an significant factor. Beneath the work-related security and health act of 1970 hence, the line managers are under the compulsion to make available secure working surroundings for employees. One of the main purposes of line managers of line managers is to support the training and preserving the federal authorized logs for place of work injury and casualty reporting. In addition to this human resource safety and the risk specialist usually work closely with the HR reimbursement specialists to administer the hospitals workforce reimbursement issues. Employee relations: In an unorganised employment environment, the employees and labour relations purpose of HR might be united and handled by the line managers or remain completely be a separate functions which is administered by the two specialist with specific proficiency in each one such area (Gilbert et al 2015). The relations of employee in respect to the HR regulation is concerned with the corroboration of the relationship between the employer and the employee by determining job contentment, employee appointment and determining the conflict at work place. Compliance: The line managers ensure that compliance of employment laws is of utmost importance in HR functions of large hospitals. Non-compliance of workplace complaints can result in dissatisfaction among the employees, which simultaneously affects the productivity and ultimately affecting the profitability. The line managers should be aware of the federal and the state of the employment laws to be followed in the hospitals such as Fair labour laws and standard Act, The National labour Relations act and many other rules and regulations. HR planning and evaluation of the HRM function: The line managers should first study the working of the organisation. Then he should prepare the list of concerned activities, which are required to be achieved. The line managers perform the planning process in the following ways; Assessment of work force: The line manager then calculates approximately the requirement of the workforce in large hospitals. He finds out the numbers of workers and staff will be needed to do all the all the job in the organisation (Papadopoulos et al 2014). The line managers in terms of quality and quantity must make estimation of workforce requirement. Evaluation of work force supply: The line managers then approximate the work force supply. He performs such activities by finding out many managers and employers are available in the organisation. Comparison of workforce: The line managers then compare the workforce needs and work force supply. In case of dissimilarity: If the line managers notice no dissimilarity between work force wants and the workforce supply, the line managers take the desired actions. In case of no disparity: If the line managers finds there is no differences between the workforce requirements and the supply of workforce then the line managers does not takes any actions. This is due to the line managers anticipates that requirements are equal to the workforce supply. Monitoring the work force requirements: The line managers manager must continuously monitor the requirement of workforce in large hospitals. This is due to that several employees and the managers leave the organisation either by resignation or by retirement (Noe 2013). Hence, the line managers ensure that those vacancies must filled with adequate manpower. This ensures uninterruptible functioning of the organisation. Conclusion: In this report a detail description of the managers are given out to carry out their HR activities. It has been observed that the organisation like large hospitals design HR policies and descriptions with adequate support from line managers so that it can enable a varying level of discretion and they can take initiative towards aligning the line managers keeping in mind the organisational objectives. The report also demonstrates that largely the decision of the HR are locally configured by the line managers who put forth high influential political process which leads to specific decision making about the employment terms of the employees. Hence, the report also performs further research on the role of the line mangers and the discretion, which therefore proves to be a fruitful understanding of the performance effects of human resource management. Reference list: Abele, M. and J. Suess, "Studying The HRM System: The Impact Of Employment Models On HRM Policies And Practices" (2015) 2015Academy of Management Proceedings Bagga, T S Srivastava, "SHRM: alignment of HR function with business strategy". inStrategic HR Review, 13, 2014. Bhambri, A. and R. H. Miles, "Organizational Maintenance And Adaptation: The Roles Of Senior Line Managers And Corporate External Affairs Professionals." (2012) 2012Academy of Management Proceedings Chaudhuri, K,Human resource management. in , Mumbai [India], Himalaya Pub. House, 2010. Ericsson, U S Augustinsson, "The role of first line managers in healthcare organisations - a qualitative study on the work life experience of ward managers". inJournal of Research in Nursing, 20, 2015, 280-295. Florn, Henrik, "HRM And Innovation: Themes, Contingencies And Directions For Future Research" (2014) 8EJIM Gallo, James and Paul R. Thompson, "Goals, Measures, And Beyond" (2013) 29Public Personnel Management Gilbert, Caroline, Sophie De Winne and Luc Sels, "Strong HRM Processes And Line Managers' Effective HRM Implementation: A Balanced View" (2015) 25Human Resource Management Journal Hassan, Mohamed Ayyub et al, "Do Line Managers Have Linking Pin In HR Roles?" (2015) 11IC Lent, B,Cybernetic approach to project management. in , Berlin, Springer, 2013. Noe, R,Human resource management. in , New York, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2013. Papadopoulos, A.V., L. Bascetta and G. Ferretti, "A Comparative Evaluation Of Human Motion Planning Policies" (2014) 47IFAC Proceedings Volumes Parry, Emma and Shaun Tyson, "Desired Goals And Actual Outcomes Of E-HRM" (2010) 21Human Resource Management Journal Sadri, S,A case study approach to human resources management. in , Mumbai, Himalaya Pub. House, 2012. Thibault, E, L Lynch, R McBride,Proactive police management. in , Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice Hall, 2004. Truss, C, D Mankin, C Kelliher,Strategic human resource management. in , Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012.

U.S. Economics after September 11 free essay sample

A paper which explores the U.S. economy after September 11th including fiscal changes and inflation. The paper shows that since the September 11 tragedy, there have been several changes in the US economy and there is a strong pull on inflation following a cyclical expansion. The paper lists recommendations concerning changes in fiscal policy and monetary policy. The paper discusses that the choice of monetary policies are dependent on the weights that policymakers place on stabilizing inflation to stabilizing employment, and the monetary future of the U.S. will depend on how the government and the Federal Reserve uses the FRB/US model to get the nation back on its feet after September 11. The theory of socioeconomic is based on three perspectives. The enlightened self-interest due to the nature of others, the fact that individuals can be trusted and not opportunistic, and people have personal value structures that are not dominant in an economic orientation (Wright 295). We will write a custom essay sample on U.S. Economics after September 11 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These assumptions applied to economics bring compatible achievement of competitive advantage. When these perspectives are followed they bring benefits to the stockholders. The key to efficient markets is found in businesses that can reduce the costs of transacting. Goods and services or the performance of agents have multiple valuable attributes and the ability to measure those attributes at low cost is a necessary condition for capturing the gains from trade that were the keys to Adam Smiths Wealth of Nations. But a sufficient condition requires in addition that the contracts embodying the exchange process can be enforced at a low cost (North 5). This can only be done in developed economies.

The Cheese and the Worms essays

The Cheese and the Worms essays Not much is known of the popular (peasant) culture of the western world during the sixteenth century. There are virtually no records regarding how they lived their daily lives or what their religious beliefs were. Historians are therefore forced to piece together as much information as possible in order to make an educated guess of what life was like for the 16th century peasant. One historian, Carlo Ginzburg, took an original approach to shedding a new light on this ever intriguing issue. In his book The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller, 1976, Ginzburg analyzes the court inquisition and elite book collection of a very religiously opinionated miller, Domenico Scandella (more commonly referred to as Menocchio). He finds that Menocchios ideas are a mix of the texts he had read and the oral tradition of which he is a part. Ginzburg argues that a glimpse of the ideas of the general peasant culture can be found by analyzing Menocchios statements and sub tracting the knowledge Menocchio had acquired from reading the elite text books. It can be argued that Ginzburgs thesis and the methodology behind it are inappropriate, irresponsible, and ineffective; however, I propose to the contrary. Ginzburg presents his thesis in a very appropriate, very responsible, and very effective way with a great deal of examples backing it. One of Ginzburgs main objectives is to compare Menocchios statements to the books that were found in his possession at the time of the trial. Nearly all of Menocchios religious ideas have a corollary in one of the works noted. Ginzburg is also trying to derive a picture of the peasant culture by analyzing the difference between Menocchios statements and the texts. He does this in several ways: 1) Ginzburg makes note that Menocchios statements are both contorted and awkward, and 2) he addresses from where these contorted and awkwar...

How to Create an Effective Classroom Library

How to Create an Effective Classroom Library The greatest contribution that you as a teacher can make to the educational success of your students is to help them become proficient readers. You can do this by providing them with a classroom library. A classroom library will give them the easy access they need to read. A well-stocked, organized library will show students that you value books as well as value their education. How Your Library Should Function While your first thought of a classroom library may be a cozy little place in the corner of the room where students go to read quietly, you are only partially correct. While it is all of those things, it is also much more. An effectively designed classroom library should support reading inside and outside of school, help students learn about how to select appropriate reading materials, provide a place for students to read independently, as well as serve as a place to talk and discuss books. Lets dive into these functions a little bit further. It Should Support Reading This space should support learning both inside and outside of the classroom. It should include both fiction and nonfiction books that have different reading levels. It should also accommodate the different interests and abilities of all students. These books are going to be books that students can check out and take home with them. Help Children Learn About Literature The classroom library is a place where your students can learn about books. They can experience a variety of book genres and other reading materials like newspapers, comics, and magazines and more in a controlled, small environment. You can use your classroom library to teach students how to select books as well as how to take care of books. Provide Opportunities for Independent Reading The third purpose a classroom library should have is to provide children with the opportunity to read independently. It should be used as a resource to support daily reading where students can self-select books that meet their interest. Building Your Library The first thing that you will want to do when building your classroom library is to get books, a lot of books. You can do this by going to a garage sale, joining a book club like Scholastic, soliciting donations from Donorschose.org, or asking parents to donate. Once you have your books, follow these steps to building your library. 1. Choose an open corner in your classroom where you can fit bookcases, a carpet and a comfy chair or love seat. Choose leather or vinyl over fabric because its easier to keep clean and it doesnt carry too many germs. 2. Combine your books into categories and color code levels books so that they will be easy for students to decipher. Categories can be animals, fiction, non-fiction, mystery, folktales, etc. 3. Label every book that belongs to you. The easiest way to do this is to get a stamp and stamp the inside cover with your name on it. 4. Create a check-out and return system for when students want to bring a book home. Students should sign a book out by writing down the title, author and which bin they got the book from. Then, they should return it by the end of the following week. 5. When students return books you must show them how to put the book back where they found it. You even assign a student the job as book master. This person would collect the returned books from the bin every Friday and place them back in the correct bin. Make sure that you have strict consequences if books are misplaced or mistreated. For example, if someone forgot to return their book by the due date then they may not choose another book the following week to take home. Looking for more book-related information? Here are 20 book activities to try in your classroom.

Political Perspectives of Marjorie Cohn. Cowboy Republic Essay

Political Perspectives of Marjorie Cohn. Cowboy Republic - Essay Example Given the dominance the United States in world affairs, most justice groups and organizations championing for human rights from around the world, including the United States, became critical about the decision. Despite the United States having signed up to the Rome statute that established the International Criminal Court in 2000, the administration of the then president George Bush unsigned the statute in 2002. Since then, the United States has continued to pressure other countries into signing agreements forbidding them from surrendering citizens of the United States to the International Criminal Court. The United States even threatened to use force, including military force in the event that any of its citizens are held at the court1. Erna Paris attempts to explore why The United States, a country known to be vocal in matters relating to human rights would refuse to protect human rights by not signing up to the Rome Statute that established the International Criminal Court. From a political perspective, the United States had the fear that the International Criminal Court may be used politically by other nations against it. For a long time, the United States continually got involved in dubious schemes around the world. In most cases, it got involved in the propping up of dictators and unpopular regimes. The United States has also been known to train and offer arms to a number of known abusers of human rights. This was mostly done during the period of cold war. The United States justified its actions as being better than if it allowed such countries to adopt communism. The United States was very involved in most regions of the world, citing the domino theory that if a single nation outside its known sphere of influence would fall, others would follow1. Erna Paris grapples with the dilemma in the twenty first century where the rule of international law is challenged by the political power held by the United States. The treaty that set up the International Crimi nal Court categorized as war crimes acts of forced pregnancy, rape, torture and forceful recruitment of child soldiers. The United States objected this inclusion and suggested that the court should only concern itself with genocide cases. The United States, being a large military and economic power, is expected to intervene in catastrophes of humanitarian consequences. This particularly makes citizens and officials of the United States vulnerable to arrests and trials by the International criminal Court in cases of humanitarian crises. The United States, a country known to promote its interests only, knew that the International Criminal Court would expose its political vulnerability to its perceived enemies. Being a country that boasts the best political institutions, the country would become helpless in trying to protect its citizens against the International Criminal Court without appearing to violate the human rights it has always championed for. Marjorie Cohn in the book, Cowboy Republic: Six Ways the Bush Gang has defied the Law, examines six ways of greatest importance that the government of the United States under the presidency of George Bush defied and consequently led to the weakening of the rule of law. The first reason was the establishment of the prison in Guantanamo bay, where suspects of terrorism were held without trial. Despite the president knowing well

Work experience at an Alzheimers center Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 210

Work experience at an Alzheimers center - Essay Example I personally bore witness to many of the individuals who were suffering from it but these individuals were strong enough to face their problems. While I worked in the center I observed that the patients were normally aware of the condition they were suffering from. But these individuals could not cope up with it when the disease worsened and I primarily took care of the individuals who were in the latter stages of the disease. During my work, I helped these individuals from whatever time they woke up and gave a hand to the healthcare professionals in handling the patients. The patients usually forgot who they were and they needed someone to show enough care to them. I acted as that one person and stayed with them for long in accordance with the schedule formed by the center itself. The most intriguing task of all was to talk to these patients, during which I observed that these individuals were otherwise normal human beings who would co-relate different aspects of their life with the current life they were living in. A specific schedule was set up during which these patients were asked to indulge in different exercises so that it could help their brain to work accordingly. They were given specific tasks which they had to fulfill and I was always around them to help them with these tasks. I helped these individuals carry out their tasks which included eating, exercising and games. I also realized that some of the patients were extremely talented but their disease had slowed them down. A patient who was suffering from Alzheimer's once made me ask him mathematical questions and to my wonder he answered almost every question that I asked. In the end, I also helped the patients to get in bed so that they could sleep healthy and wake up to a new tomorrow. I also helped in the kitchen so that these patients were able to have healthy food in accordance with their daily food requirement.  

Turner And Mozart Essay Example for Free

Turner And Mozart Essay Mozart’s Symphony No. 40 is a very expressive piece exploring a wide range of emotions in four movements. The string playing in the first movement is dark but brisk evoking anxiety and uneasiness on the part of the listener. The slow second movement is musical and is my favorite in the entire symphony. The pattern of viola leading the violins in a series of imitating notes makes for a playful movement. The minuetto-trio of the third movement, meanwhile, is irregular and a departure from the usual minuet. It is more dramatic instead of danceable. Like the preceding movements, the final movement is dominated by the strings and repeats the mood of the first. The entire symphony is as pleasing as other Mozart symphony, with so much going on with the piece that it demands careful listening for appreciation to occur. The video on British painter Joseph Turner shows the viewer why the man is considered as the artist who made landscape painting as high an art as the historical or portrait paintings of older master. His impressionistic paintings use bright, splashy, yet atmospheric colors projecting strong moods that, in turn, elicit strong reactions and feelings on the part of the viewer. This is most evident in the paintings of the Grand Canal and The Slave Ship. The Grand Canal’s bright sky reflected on the buildings and the water make the city look alive and busy, making Venice almost magical and romantic at the same time. The same profuse lighting from the sky affecting the overall mood of the piece is also applied in The Slave Ship. The bright red strokes to depict the sky create the impression of violence and anger which are also the theme of the painting. Although we cannot see the ship clearly and the overthrown slaves are like shadows on the foreground of the painting, one can feel the drama of what is happening just by looking at the angry colors. The video was truly an interesting and informative introduction to people who are not familiar with Turner and his art.

Orwells Perception of the Political Power of Language Essay -- Politi

Orwell's Perception of the Political Power of Language As an author, George Orwell is concerned with the modern use and misuse of the English language. He notes the recognized ability of language to distort truth and deceive masses in his essay "Politics and the English Language", and attempts to alert the public of this power in his novel Nineteen-Eighty-Four . Depicting dystopia of a totalitarian system at a complete extreme, Orwelll's novel is essentially about psychological control of the public. In the creation of "Newspeak", Orwell portrays the effects of recurring abuse of language by government, and demonstrates how language can be used politically to manipulate minds on a monumental scale, eventually birthing a society in which people obey the government unquestionably. As argued in his essay and actualized in the novel, language acts as an instrument of mind-control, with the goal of perpetual elimination of individual consciousness and maintenance of a totalitarian regime. Orwell's essay begins with the understanding that "†¦the present political chaos is connected with the decay of language". In evaluating trends in current language, such as the use of pretentious diction and meaningless words, he argues that an individual morphs into a type of human machine , simply regurgitating information without involving any of his or her own thoughts. As Orwell says in the essay, "Political language . . . is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind" . In Nineteen-Eighty-Four, this phenomenon is depicted in the development of Newspeak. Developed chiefly to restrict the range of one's thought and shorten memory, Newspeak is an ideal language for a totali... ...mps: this is called elimination of unreliable elements" . Thus the use of Newspeak in Oceania similarly serves to uphold political obedience. As the Inner Party has the ability to alter the structure of language in Nineteen-Eighty-Four, it makes the conception of nonconformist and rebellious thought impossible, thus eliminating any questioning of the Party's absolute power. Both Orwell's novel and essay carry a grave warning about the political powers of language. He uses his media to demonstrate not only how language can cloak truth, but also how language can be used as an ultimate tool for maintenance of totalitarian regimes. While language is usually thought to extend cultural considerations and improve one's understanding of the world, Orwell's works illustrate how it can, when used in a vicious political way, become an instrument against human consciousness.

Research Ethics for Social Scientists: Between Ethical Conduct and Regulatory Essay

In this case, the questions of when researchers may possibly feel that they had a responsibility to protect research subjects along with what they can do when faced with criminal behavior are addressed (191). The commentators in this case included ted Palys, john Lowman, Monique marks and Dick Hobbs. On the question of intervening on the violence incidences, Dick Hobbs points out that intervening would be counterproductive but since violence is both emotive and seductive to men intervening would be due to personal relations with one of the fighters but not on the basis of social justice (192). All the commentators were cautious of intervening because they feared it would alter the behavior which they were studying. However, apart from Dick Hobbs the rest believed that it was crucial to report the incidence if someone got seriously injured. On the issue of revealing the information they gathered in the field some suggested they would be willing to do so (Palys and Lowman), others (Dick Hobbs and Marks) argued that they would not since the information was meant for academic purposes only and testifying would elevate research profile and make it hard to perform another research on similar sites (193). All the commentators agreed that the source of funding would not affect their decisions to intervene and testify. However, Marks and Hobbs highly criticized the attempts of directing researchers’ responses to ethical dilemmas since their decisions in the field were not governed by formal codes, but were rather situational and responses cannot be determined outside the field (194, 195).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Conclusion This reading shows that although it may not be their duty, social researchers in criminal investigation have a duty to protect the respondents especially when someone may get injured in the processes. They should do so by reporting such incidences and testify upon what happened for the purposes of social justice. References Mark, I. (2006). Case study 2. Research ethics for social scientists: between ethical conduct and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   regulatory compliance. Sage publications, London.   

Dietary Reference Values DRVs Essay

Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) Introduction            A balanced diet is very important for one’s body, and is defined as that diet which provides adequate amounts of nutrients and energy for health and well-being. Dietary reference Values are set of nutrient recommendations that are comprised of estimates of the amount of nutrients and energy needed by the population of healthy people in the United Kingdom. There are several uses of these estimates. However, Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) shows some limitations.            The main purpose of DRVs is to guide people other than offering recommendations. For any nation to have healthy people, it should make sure that they are well versed with what they should include in their diets. With DRVs, different groups of people can know what they need to include in their diets. This is a very important factor in the health sector. It reduces medical bills since it ensures that the whole population in healthy and free from diseases. Chronic diseases such as cancer and blood pressure can be avoided if one eats healthy. This means that if middle-aged people follow DRVs, infections of such diseases will go down.            The second use of DRVs is to determine optical amount of nutrients needed in the body. According to a study done by (Ross et. al 2011, pp.55) nutritional requirements vary with age, gender, and physical characteristics of the body. The study points the importance of understanding one’s nutritional requirement. DRVs help people know the optimal amount of nutrients based on their age, gender and body characteristics. For example, DRVs point out that women of child bearing age require more iron than men. If such studies were not available, it would be very hard for one to determine the amount of nutrients required by his/her body. Read more:  Essay About Nutritional Requirements of Individuals            DRVs help people understand particular functions of nutrients in their bodies. This eliminates diseases such as obesity, which is brought about by too much consumption of fats. When people are well informed about the role of nutrients in their bodies, they will always make informed decisions when preparing their meals. Some nutrients are needed in larger quantities while others are needed in small quantities. DRVs state the quantities in grams, milligrams or micrograms. DRVs show that vitamin C is needed in milligram quantities while proteins are needed in gram quantities. This knowledge helps nutritionists to know what a person lacks before administering their prescriptions (Hoey et.al. 2013, pp.105).            DRVs have certain limitations. First, they are complex and can only be interpreted by a health professional. This means that when a lay person is left on his or her own, he/she can take undesirable amounts of nutrients due to misinterpretation of the diet tables, and this is likely to affect that person negatively. It can lead to diseases such as obesity or malnutrition. The other problem associated with DRVs is that some people may view them as recommendations, but in actual sense they are not. DRVs should only be used as guidelines and requires interpretation by professionals. Thus, they function like dietary advice. Population Reference Intake may yield undesirable advice to the population because people are not identical. Thus, having a fixed value for the whole population may mislead some people. People are affected differently by different factors of the environment. When coming up with population reference Intake, individual factors ought to be taken into co nsideration (Manson, 2011, pp.525). References Hoey, L., McNulty, H., Duffy, M. E., Hughes, C. F., & Strain, J. J. (2013), ‘EURRECA—Estimating folate requirements for deriving dietary reference values’, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, vol.53, no.10, pp.104-105. Manson, J. E., (2011), ‘The 2011 Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D: what dietetics practitioners need to know,’ Journal of the American Dietetic Association, vol.111, no.4, pp. 524-527. Ross, A. C., Manson, J. E., Abrams, S. A., Aloia, J. F., Brannon, P. M., Clinton, S. K., †¦ & Shapses, S. A. (2011), ‘The 2011 report on dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine: what clinicians need to know’, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.96. , no.1, pp.53-58. Source document

Wisconsin Senate to Vote on Anti

Wisconsin Senate to Vote on Anti The protesters are opposed to a legislation that will deny them labor rights by stripping them of their collective bargaining rights through workers union. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Wisconsin Senate to Vote on Anti-Union Bill specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The worker’s rights in Wisconsin are protected by the Federal legislation of 1936 that caters for County and Municipal workers while the nonfederal workers in Wisconsin are protected by the 1959 similar legislation. This legislation has been useful in championing for the rights of workers and bargaining for better payments for the nonfederal employees. The introduction of an anti-union proposal, which curtails the collective bargaining for state, county, and local workers with exception of the police, firefighters and state patrol, has led to mass protests. The bill introduced a week earlier by Governor Scott Walker, passed through the Legislative b udget committee amid opposition from the Democrats committee members and now the bill is destined for voting in the Assembly and the Senate. The labor history of Wisconsin is set to undergo major changes as Walker and the GOP has majority numbers in both the Assembly and the Senate. The Democrats, due to their inferior numbers have been powerless to stop the bill with Sen. Bob Jauch D-Poplar raising an alarm over the impact the bill will have on democratic process. The proposed bill limits the workers union’s collective bargaining rights and makes workers to contribute to the pension scheme and health insurance cover. President Barrack Obama feels that eliminating the worker’s union bargaining role is not a good move but acknowledges that budget cuts are necessary. The bill will lead to a rise in employee’s contributions to the pension scheme and healthcare insurance cover. The unions still represent workers but their role is limited and cannot seek pay increm ent above the Consumer Price Index terms. The legislation prevents the unions from deducting the employees any monthly contributions and has a provision that the unions should conduct elections annually in a bid to improve their performance. The bill has majority support, as most of the senators are Republicans both in the Senate and in the Assembly. The bill sailed easily through the Legislative committee, as majority of the members are Republicans.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Walker supports the legislation as the best effort to solve the current economic crisis to help in the running of state operations including prisons. The legislation protects the workers against any layoffs and retrenchments by organizations but does not allow the unions to negotiate on behalf of the workers concerning their plight. In an attempt to solicit for the worker’s union support for the bill, Walker indicated that he would advocate for massive loss of employment of state workers. The Legislative committee Wednesday recommended a number of changes to the proposed bill. It has for a provision on how public workers should extend their grievances. The legislation offers for the establishment of a body with an oversight role to oversee the privatization of public power plants. However, the proposed legislation faces public opposition characterized by many protests against it. Many protesters opposed to the bill filled the Wisconsin state Capitol prior to its passage into law. Huge crowds of protesters, mostly teachers and school-going children, assembled outside the Senate Chamber on to demonstrate against the passage of the bill. Schools remained closed as students and teachers joined the protesters. The protesters also included university students who kept a nightlong vigil ahead of the bill’s passage day.

6 Disappeared LinkedIn® Partner Applications and What to Do About Them †Part V WordPress (and RSS Feeds)

6 Disappeared LinkedIn ® Partner Applications and What to Do About Them – Part V WordPress (and RSS Feeds) The WordPress and BlogLink applications on LinkedIn used to be a reliable way to send weekly blog posts to your LinkedIn profile. All a blogger had to do was download the application and associate the blog’s RSS feed (essentially the link to your blog posts) to LinkedIn. No longer is this convenient feature available. Up until a week ago, I would have suggested a fix that entails requesting your RSS feed to be sent out automatically to your favorite LinkedIn groups, or perhaps starting a LinkedIn group so that you can send your feed to that group. Not anymore. LinkedIn has announced that as of March 15, 2013, users may no longer syndicate RSS feeds to groups through LinkedIn. The pros and cons of this move by LinkedIn have been debated. On the positive side, the elimination of RSS feeds to groups means less potential for spamming. A real person has to go in and post an article, potentially stemming the increasingly overwhelming flow of posts to LinkedIn groups. On the other hand, much of this automated content provides valuable information to group members and spurs conversation and debate. Will the richness of group conversations be diminished without the convenience of automated posting? Time will tell †¦ In the meantime, the question remains: How can you send your value-rich content to your LinkedIn groups? One place to look is the LinkedIn Help topic, Anyone have a workaround for the elimination of RSS feeds in groups? Here are some ideas: 1. Post discussions manually to your LinkedIn groups. Manual posting of articles is a technique I have been utilizing all along, and I believe it provides value to my groups and provides me with visibility. I don’t just post the link to a useful article – I post the entire article so that people don’t have to work too hard to read the content. If you post an article to a group, it helps to ask a question to spur discussion, rather than simply post the article. By simply sticking an article on the discussion page, you risk appearing â€Å"spammy† and are less likely to generate worthwhile conversations about your topic. 2. Use HootSuite to post blog entries to your Activity Updates. The HootSuite option requires establishing a HootSuite account if you don’t have one already. After logging in to HootSuite, hover over the launch bar on the left side of your account. Click on Settings RSS/Atom: Click the + sign to add a new feed. You might need to upgrade to a paid account ($5.99/month) to use this feature. Paste your feed URL in the field provided. Then select the social sites you would like the feed to post to. Edit any other preferred options and Save Feed. 3. Post manually to Activity Updates. A simple, free way to share blog articles is to post the link individually to your Activity Updates. If you blog once/week this solution might be the best one for you. You can add links from either your LinkedIn home page or the Activity bar on your profile. You then have the option of sharing the update on LinkedIn and Twitter. Home page image: Profile Activity bar image: Any blog article links you add will appear on your profile in your Activity section (the top section of the profile). Your updates will also appear in LinkedIn Signal, which is a running account of all LinkedIn updates that can be found under the News menu. Here’s a sample: 4. Post your blog under your Publications section. Add the Publications section to your profile if you dont have it already. Then post a live URL that links directly to your blog for anyone who wants to take a look! Do you have more ideas of how to replace the WordPress application or the group RSS feeds? Please share below! If you want more tips on the effective use of LinkedIn, you might like How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile, the #1 best-selling e-book by Brenda Bernstein! Category:Archived ArticlesBy Brenda BernsteinFebruary 25, 2013

Central government advertising campaigns are designed to persuade Essay

Central government advertising campaigns are designed to persuade rather than to inform citizens about policy - Essay Example This essay describes why advertisement campaigns of the Central Government in the UK are persuasive, but not informative. In order to establish the reasons there are 5 are certain examples of the kind of advertising by the Central Government in the UK. This "Central government advertising campaigns are designed to persuade rather than to inform citizens about policy" essay outlines five UK's Government's advertisement and why they are not effective. 1. NHS Anti Smoking: Smoke, and your body takes a beating – The main purpose of this ad would be to inform the people that smoking is bad for their health. It shows us a man who is smoking a cigarette and it seems like he is being beaten very badly by an invisible person (UTalk Marketing 2009). The ad ends with the warning: ‘Smoke, and your body takes a beating.’ But by showing just how drastic an effect smoking can have on one’s body, the campaign ensures that it has the attention of smokers and non-smokers and might be able to convince them to leave the habit, or not take it up in the first place. 2. Change4Life: Me-sized meals – This ad focuses on the rising problem of obesity and its various effects such as cancer, type two diabetes and so on. The problem of obesity begins at the infant stage, when mothers over-feed their young children in the name of ensuring they get enough nourishment, and therefore make them fat at a young age. The ad goes on to convince them to give their children meals that are proportionate to their size, and not serve them grown up portions. (Department of Health 2009). By using a child to convey this message, this ad ensures that the parents get the message, loud and clear. 3. Swine Flu: Going down – Some people need to be reminded of simple things such as you should cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze so you do not spread the germs. (Search For Truth 2009). This ad shows how a simple act such as sneezing and not covering your mouth can infect everyone around you. The ad conveys this message very well by showing the chain reaction one man might set off by sneezing in a public space like an elevator. The best part is when a child offers the ill man a tissue, showing that it’s just that simple. 4. Speed limit: Kill your speed or live with it – Speeding has always been a major concern to every government. This ad is simple and effective. It shows you the consequences of speeding – which you have to live with for the rest of your life. A man sees the dead body of a young boy he has killed because of over speeding, everywhere, all the time (ThinkUK 2009). He ca not do anything to change what he did, he just has to live with it. The ad very cleverly uses the concept of survivor’s guilt and sends a strong message to the audience. 5. Drug Drive TV: Eyes – Everyone reminds people about drunken driving. This ad talks about Drug driving, and how the eyes of a person have an involuntary reaction to drugs, that can be spotted by the policemen (ThinkUKa 2009). It goes on to warn the teenagers that drug driving is a serious offence and has the same consequences as drunken driving. The ad is simple, and effective. And it shows the target that they cannot hide the fact that they are under the influence. Based on the ads described above, it is understandable why the central government’s advertising is more persuasive than informative. All of the causes that have are being advertised – smoking, obesity, swine flu, over speeding, drug driving – are problems that not many take seriously. People are of the opinion that there should be a lot more discipline in the way the government’s finances are used especially when it comes to advertising. In the opinion of Parliament: Select Committee on Communications (2009), ‘advertising should focus on areas when there is a clear public benefit such as safety or public health campaigns’. Thus, it is essential that the government not just get people’s attention and inform them of the consequences

Term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Term paper - Essay Example It is not a simple task to sum up the framework of present day’s consumer in a singularly described procedure. Not just do consumers' personal requirements show a discrepancy on a case-by-case basis, but also as a collective whole, customers' requirements are growing and have turn out to be a lot more intricate and challenging as compared to previous generations. Businesses are always trying to find techniques to not just meet these high hopes, but also go beyond them. Customers want not only personalized answers to their queries, but are as well trying to find personalization in terms of the approach company and its representatives adopt to take care of them. 2. How do other businesses provide this? Personalized customer service is one of the single most essential factors most organizations fail to notice, although it is the single factor that can in fact create trust with their customers at every step. From the instant they approach the company’s outlet or representat ive to the instant they take delivery of their order, giving personalized customer service will let one’s clients make out that they are the most essential business asset (Barnes, 2000). It does not actually take a lot of creativity to offer this level of service to the clients. Simply think about their opinion. What are their expectations from the company? How do they want to be treated by the company’s representatives? When it is known what is expected from the company, the company should go ahead of it. Do not provide only the smallest levels of service; surpass them on every level of the customer experience. Some of the methods by which other companies are providing personalized customer services are: Computerizing to the extent that is feasible and make it simple to get information regarding the products or services they offer. Offering clients the ability to â€Å"help themselves† gets a lot of the sales stress off and let them come to a decision in their own time. Maintaining stability in customer service from the minute customer places the order to the final follow up, sending them a note following the sale, asking them how they like the performance of the company and if they are happy with the level of service. Offering â€Å"added value† services, for instance, complimentary upgrades or guides. Keeping the clients up to date even after the sale as well as keeping lines of communication open, although not including all the sales publicity every time. Applying a ‘customer first’ environment between the workers and checking that they are following all the way through. Making sure that the staff quickly deals with the complaints. Giving incentive to workers who go that extra mile to think about the customers. This produces an atmosphere of personalized customer service. 3. How have other businesses profited from this? Other businesses are getting profits from personalized customer service in the following ways: Co mpanies start to gain profit from personalized customer service the instant they give their sales team members the power to take decisions on the shop floor. Clients will

Network design paper Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Network design paper - Coursework Example RIP is nominated by IETF as one of various other Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs). RIP works on distance learning vector algorithms while most of other protocols use sophisticated algorithms demanding time as well. (Dean, 2010, p. 274-275) RIP’s routing procedure is that its gateway router transmits complete information of routing table (that includes all the connected hops that are known to the gateway) to its nearest host after every 30 seconds. The neighboring router than pass the same information to its nearest neighbor other than from which it had received this information and process continues until every routers in the network has similar information of the routing paths. This condition is what we called network convergence. For determining distance of the network RIP uses process called hop count. Every hop in the network determines its neighboring hop(s) from routing table information for sending a packet to for a particular destination. Advantages of using RIP in th e network are: For small homogeneous networks RIP is considered as an effective solution. RIP is very easy to understand and configuring. It can be configured on all the routers present. Generally RIP is a loop free routing protocol but has limited scalability of around 15 hop maximum. Introduction to OSPF: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol implemented within large autonomous networks. OSPF is nominated by IETF as one of various other Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs). In a network where OSPF is used, if a router that receives a change in the routing table or identifies a modification in the network without delay multicasts this change information to every other host connected in the network with the intention that every host may have the similar information in the routing table. It only transmits the change that has occurred, not the entire routing table like RIP. It is a robust link-state routing protocol and is the most widely used Interior Gateway Protocol (I GP). It bases information on link-states that take additional network description into consideration. OSPF have functionality of prioritizing the path by assigning metric value to that path. For further dividing the subnets OSPF supports a variable network subnet mask. Advantages of using OSPF in the network are: Quickly responds to the network changes. Sends trigger updates when change occurs in the network. Use cost as metric for giving preference to the paths. It has protocol identifier of 89 in the IP address for OSPF packet identification. Summarizing the solution: As being the administrator of the company and as per the details given to me I know that my network running is RIP on it and has three networks while the merging company has one OSPF running network that means RIP networks outnumber the OSPF network so I do not prefer to change anything on my own network. For example if someone is the administrator of Windows server based sites and a new company is merging having Lin ux operating system. Although everyone knows that Linux has more advantages than windows but still would not feel easy to change my operating system. If to choose change than should also keep in mind that new Service-Level-Agreements, new suppliers, new business processes, new interfaces, etc and staff training as well. Why to this everything is running smoothly already. Our solution could have been a different if and

Functions of Oral Communication

Functions of Oral Communication Communication is an important part of our daily lives. It mainly focusing on interact with any living organisms. We communicate with our self at different ages different time ways. Including with our family, friends, socially and professionally . Oral communication benefits business by providing them an outlet through which to explain to and instruct employees. It can be also used to provide clear direction. affirmation and the ability for leadership to upload company policy and mission. For example as what Carl Rogers (1952) one of the eminent psychologists of all time says. a real communication occurs when we listen with understanding to see the expressed idea and attitude from the other persons point of view, to sense how it feels to him, to achieve his frame of reference in regard to the things he is talking about. Elizabeth Tierney (1998) says, communication as a process which begin when you have a message that you want to deliver to an audience. Your audience receive the message, reacts to it and then responds to your message. That respond may lead you to react and give another message. This process may continue. The message can be an idea, a thought or feeling which we wish to share with others. It also can be shorter or lengthier with a important rules where there is a sender and a receiver. Julia T. Wood (2009) says, communication as a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings. The important terms are process which is ongoing, continuous and always changing; systemic which happen within a system of interconnected parts that affect each other; symbols which represent things and meanings where any act of communication involves two essential aspects. Joseph Devito (2009) says, that communication take place when one person or more sends and receives message that are distorted by noise, occur within a context, have some effect, and provide some opportunity for feedback with some basic elements. These are context, source-receiver, messages, channels, noise and effects. Communication will successfully if the receiver received the message clearly in any form. See 3.0 1.1 Form, Function and Strategies in Oral Communication In this assignment I will be focusing on the discussion about how form, function and strategies are use in oral communication in the Malaysian context. 1.1.1 Form Form are important in oral communication on how to deliver a message. There proven to be 7 forms . Intrapersonal communication Interpersonal communication Small group communication Public communication Mass communication Corporate communication Intercultural communication 1.1.2 Function We can define function as a function or action or evaluating self act in a conversation. arguments or even self talk. Example : A : do you want to eat roti chanai ? B: i ate nasi lemak The function over here is B is rejecting . 1.1.3 Strategies Specifically focus on oral interaction and interlocutors negotiation behavior for coping with communication breakdowns. Strategies used for the purpose of the communication on how this use represented the extent of discourse in the oral proficiency tests. According to previous research dealing with transcription data analysis, strategies for communication have been listed as achievement and reduction strategies . When the speakers had difficulties expressing an thought or idea, they used strategies to give themselves a time frame to figure out . Example Strategy questionnaire as below : When I need to think of what to sayI use filler such as um.urh, welletc to gain time . When I have difficulty thinking of the right words, I let other say something first so that I use similar words to express my self. When I dont understand othersI request them to repeat those words to make sure my self I understand. 2.0 ORAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS 2.1 In oral communication, information, thoughts and ideas are conveyed via a spoken language in the following ways:- Face-to-face conversations; Meeting; Voice mail messages Teleconferencing; Oral presentations; and Public speaking. 2.2 We have 3 models of communication process where the sender and receiver communication take place . 2.2.1 Linear Model Its invole two people. Its a one-way communication process which require one person to acts on another person. its a straigh forward message transmit from a speaker to a listener . Shannon and Weavers model Laswells (1948) describe how communication works in five question Who said? What? In what channel? To whom? With what effect? 2.2.2 Interactive Model To be very shortFacebook and MSN are the examples of interactive model. This model can be focus as a succesesr for liner model which has greather chances of succesfull communication . 2.2.3 Transactional Model This is a excellant model for face to face communication which takes the effects of noisetimeand systems into consideration. Transactional Model can be define as ongoing and continously changing proess communication. In any form or forms of oral communication ( refer 3.0 )the 3 models and 6 elements are present directly and indirectly. 3.0 Form of oral communication Intrapersonal communication It is communicating your self .A internel dialoge for your self.A self talk most people say. Most of them bypass this process much of their stress in life is from a feeling of not having any control in their lives. Meditation prayer are part of this intrapersonal also. Interpersonal communication A simply any verbal or non verbal message transferred between people. Small group communication Its define as interpersonal communication within 3 or more persons. Communication is an important part of our daily lives. It mainly focusing on interact with any living organisms. We communicate with our self, at different age, different time ways. Including with our though, family, friends, socially and professionally . Oral communication benefits business by providing them an outlet through which to explain to and instruct employees. It can be also used to provide clear direction, affirmation and the ability for leadership to upload company policy and mission. For example as what Carl Rogers (1952) one of the eminent psychologists of all time says, a real communication occurs when we listen with understanding to see the expressed idea and attitude from the other persons point of view, to sense how it feels to him, to achieve his frame of reference in regard to the things he is talking about. Elizabeth Tierney (1998) says, communication as a process which begin when you have a message that you want to deliver to an audience. Your audience receive the message, reacts to it and then responds to your message. That respond may lead you to react and give another message. This process may continue. The message can be an idea, a thought or feeling which we wish to share with others. It also can be shorter or lengthier with a important rules where there is a sender and a receiver. Julia T. Wood (2009) says, communication as a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings. The important terms are process which is ongoing, continuous and always changing; systemic which happen within a system of interconnected parts that affect each other; symbols which represent things and meanings where any act of communication involves two essential aspects. Joseph Devito (2009) says, that communication take place when one person or more sends and receives message that are distorted by noise, occur within a context, have some effect, and provide some opportunity for feedback with some basic elements. These are context, source-receiver, messages, channels, noise and effects. Communication will successfully if the receiver received the message clearly in any form. See 3.0 1.1 Form, Function and Strategies in Oral Communication In this assignment I will be focusing on the discussion about how form, function and strategies are use in oral communication in the Malaysian context. 1.1.1 Form Form are important in oral communication on how to deliver a message. There proven to be 7 forms . Intrapersonal communication Interpersonal communication Small group communication Public communication Mass communication Corporate communication Intercultural communication 1.1.2 Function We can define function as a function or action or evaluating self act in a conversation, arguments or even self talk. Example : A : do you want to eat roti chanai ? B: i ate nasi lemak The function over here is B is rejecting . 1.1.3 Strategies Specifically focus on oral interaction and interlocutors negotiation behavior for coping with communication breakdowns. Strategies used for the purpose of the communication on how this use represented the extent of discourse in the oral proficiency tests. According to previous research dealing with transcription data analysis, strategies for communication have been listed as achievement and reduction strategies . When the speakers had difficulties expressing an thought or idea, they used strategies to give themselves a time frame to figure out . Example Strategy questionnaire as below : When I need to think of what to say, I use filler such as um.urh, well, etc to gain time . When I have difficulty thinking of the right words, I let other say something first so that I use similar words to express my self. When I dont understand others, I request them to repeat those words to make sure my self I understand. 2.0 ORAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS 2.1 In oral communication, information, thoughts and ideas are conveyed via a spoken language in the following ways:- Face-to-face conversations; Meeting; Voice mail messages Teleconferencing; Oral presentations; and Public speaking. 2.2 We have 3 models of communication process where the sender and receiver communication take place . 2.2.1 Linear Model Its invole two people. Its a one-way communication process which require one person to acts on another person. its a straigh forward message transmit from a speaker to a listener . Shannon and Weavers model Laswells (1948) describe how communication works in five question Who said? What? In what channel? To whom? With what effect? 2.2.2 Interactive Model To be very short, Facebook and MSN are the examples of interactive model. This model can be focus as a succesesr for liner model which has greather chances of succesfull communication . 2.2.3 Transactional Model This is a excellant model for face to face communication which takes the effects of noise, time, and systems into consideration. Transactional Model can be define as ongoing and continously changing proess communication. In any form or forms of oral communication ( refer 3.0 ), the 3 models and 6 elements are present directly and indirectly. 3.0 Form of oral communication Intrapersonal communication It is communicating your self .A internel dialoge for your self.A self talk most people say. Most of them bypass this process much of their stress in life is from a feeling of not having any control in their lives. Meditation prayer are part of this intrapersonal also. Interpersonal communication A simply any verbal or non verbal message transferred between people. Small group communication Its define as interpersonal communication within 3 or more persons. Public communication According to Wikipedia, Public Communication is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence or entertain the listeners . Mass communication A communication thru radio, broadcast news paper to reach the wide population. Corporate communication; Communication that takes place among members of an organization, within that building or organization. Intercultural communication. Communication between people of diverse cultures and ethnicity. A process of exchanging meaningful and unambiguous information across cultural boundaries. I will mainly will be elaborating about Interpersonal communication, Small group communication Public Communication. See below 3.1 Interpersonal communication What is the ONE skill required of almost every job at online career? Basic interpersonal communication such as a good intrapersonal communication, listening, language, emotions, non-verbal communication, communication climate, and others which this skills will make you excellent at being as a good friend, good spouse, good employee and boss. By learning all them and putting them into practice as often as possible to become excellent at interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication involves a close group of participants such as the everyday conversations you carry on. Interpersonal communication involves face to face encounters which you get the immediate communication. It also includes speeches, general friendly exchanges, arguments and basically anytime you speak to someone. Many variations make interpersonal communication flexibility important for difference circumstances. We use interpersonal communication to learn new information such as when asking questions. Plus, we use it to share information such as when telling a story. Even to define yourself in a speech. We do learn about different cultures and languages through interpersonal communication as well. Interpersonal communication is very indeed important since it develop our self throughout the stages of life.You learn, teach and get an identity. You get so many things to share to others who you are. Basically learn how to pronounce words correctly and to speak properly in certain situation and how to communicate in general. In recent years, interpersonal communication has taken back seat compare to other forms since more people are in to using social networks to exchange information and contacts. Basically develop your interpersonal communication skills for success at work and at home. 3.2 Small group communication Interpersonal communication define as within 3 or more persons. People join groups for variety of reasons. Some group members are motivated by task concerns and others are motivated by interpersonal attraction to other group of members. There is a phrase, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts , which also refers to group synergy. A group synergy refers to the idea that two heads or more are better then one. A group communication will increase the ability to perform more and multiple work which provide encouragement and support to its members within a project .This may lead to promote the interpersonal relationships between the group members. Individuals often join a team or group to meet their interpersonal needs. Self Control is needed to exercise leadership and prove ones abilities. Some person do not want to be a leader. So, group communication is the necessary control over aspects of their lives.Take note that groups are an excellent way to make friends We can split group communication into various types of groups. Social Groups This group is predominantly social in their orientation such as families and social clubs. Basically its provide for our safety and solidarity needs and they help to develop self-esteem. Work Groups This group work to complete a particular task. Their expertise is counted to full fill the mission or task. There are several work groups such as workplaces, campus organizations or juries. An example of this will be assembly line which each worker performs tasks to build a complete car. A group members must be able to communicate freely and openly with all of the other members of the group. A group must have a common purpose or goal so that they must work together to achieve that goal. Basically a goal bring the team together. 3.3 Public Communication According to Wikipedia, Public Communication is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence or entertain the listeners . Skill in public speaking is important. No matter what your career choice, most collage graduates enter occupations that require some form of speaking before groups.Culture affects the way people use, present and regards public speaking. Public Communication usually dificult for most people and effective public speaking is a skill which must be learned. Not only do you listen in person, but receive information via technology. We hear speeches on television and radio.The basic components of public communication process are the source and the code, perceptions and attitudes, message, channel, receiver, feedback, noise and environment . Audience awarness is very important when its comes to public communication .Its the ability to ensure that your communication level is interactive towards the listeners. Self-centered is very importand. Public comunication can be define as public speaking as well. It can consider as fear for most of the people. But with proper preparation, anyone can make it happen. Few tips to be a good public communicator or public speaker. Dress for success. Be with good packaging such as dress code. Better to overdressd than undredressed. It definatly will enchance your image. Prepare a great intro and closing. Practice till you even can say them forward and backward. A great start with some humor or short story will definatly works. Try to filter out the ah ,Mmmm the presentation. It will annoy or will definalty will give uncomfertable reaction to the audience. To skip this try to join the local Toastmasters international club. Try to build your presentation in to an easy format to follow. Flip chat with key point works better on this .A handouts where participants can follow the topic that you will cover will works as well. Time is the most important element in public communication. Sharp with point with proper timing will always lead to a great opening and ending. Rehearse as much as you can. Always keep eye contact with the audience. Try to find some smiling audience. Move from one to one. Its a rewarding expriences when its comes to public communication. Its boots everything up. 4.0 Conclusion Oral communication is the most important component in any area such as business, relationship, family, work and etc. Without it interaction is almost imposible. Oral communication skills are crucial in handeling with others, and this is proven in any situation. As we in malaysia, there are some example of our everyday oral communication as Manglish . Originated from English, malay, hokkian, mandarin and tamil. We intend to add Lah in all the words as below. Come one lah, see how lah and etc. Got or not Means, do you have it ? When ah? Who ah? Where ah? in rising ahs mean respectively When? Who? Where? It noted that we shoud start a good proper words to correct us for a better future with better oral language in communication. Public communication According to Wikipedia, Public Communication is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence or entertain the listeners . Mass communication A communication thru radio, broadcast news paper to reach the wide population. Corporate communication; Communication that takes place among members of an organization, within that building or organization. Intercultural communication. Communication between people of diverse cultures and ethnicity. A process of exchanging meaningful and unambiguous information across cultural boundaries. I will mainly will be elaborating about Interpersonal communication, Small group communication Public Communication. See below 3.1 Interpersonal communication What is the ONE skill required of almost every job at online career? Basic interpersonal communication such as a good intrapersonal communication, listening, language, emotions, non-verbal communication, communication climate, and others which this skills will make you excellent at being as a good friend, good spouse, good employee and boss. By learning all them and putting them into practice as often as possible to become excellent at interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication involves a close group of participants such as the everyday conversations you carry on. Interpersonal communication involves face to face encounters which you get the immediate communication. It also includes speeches, general friendly exchanges, arguments and basically anytime you speak to someone. Many variations make interpersonal communication flexibility important for difference circumstances. We use interpersonal communication to learn new information such as when asking questions. Plus, we use it to share information such as when telling a story. Even to define yourself in a speech. We do learn about different cultures and languages through interpersonal communication as well. Interpersonal communication is very indeed important since it develop our self throughout the stages of life.You learn, teach and get an identity. You get so many things to share to others who you are. Basically learn how to pronounce words correctly and to speak properly in certain situation and how to communicate in general. In recent years, interpersonal communication has taken back seat compare to other forms since more people are in to using social networks to exchange information and contacts. Basically develop your interpersonal communication skills for success at work and at home. 3.2 Small group communication Interpersonal communication define as within 3 or more persons. People join groups for variety of reasons. Some group members are motivated by task concerns and others are motivated by interpersonal attraction to other group of members. There is a phrase, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts , which also refers to group synergy. A group synergy refers to the idea that two heads or more are better then one. A group communication will increase the ability to perform more and multiple work which provide encouragement and support to its members within a project .This may lead to promote the interpersonal relationships between the group members. Individuals often join a team or group to meet their interpersonal needs. Self Control is needed to exercise leadership and prove ones abilities. Some person do not want to be a leader. So, group communication is the necessary control over aspects of their lives.Take note that groups are an excellent way to make friends We can split group communication into various types of groups. Social Groups This group is predominantly social in their orientation such as families and social clubs. Basically its provide for our safety and solidarity needs and they help to develop self-esteem. Work Groups This group work to complete a particular task. Their expertise is counted to full fill the mission or task. There are several work groups such as workplaces, campus organizations or juries. An example of this will be assembly line which each worker performs tasks to build a complete car. A group members must be able to communicate freely and openly with all of the other members of the group. A group must have a common purpose or goal so that they must work together to achieve that goal. Basically a goal bring the team together. 3.3 Public Communication According to Wikipedia, Public Communication is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence or entertain the listeners . Skill in public speaking is important. No matter what your career choice, most collage graduates enter occupations that require some form of speaking before groups.Culture affects the way people use, present and regards public speaking. Public Communication usually dificult for most people and effective public speaking is a skill which must be learned. Not only do you listen in person, but receive information via technology. We hear speeches on television and radio.The basic components of public communication process are the source and the code, perceptions and attitudes, message, channel, receiver, feedback, noise and environment . Audience awarness is very important when its comes to public communication .Its the ability to ensure that your communication level is interactive towards the listeners. Self-centered is very importand. Public comunication can be define as public speaking as well. It can consider as fear for most of the people. But with proper preparation, anyone can make it happen. Few tips to be a good public communicator or public speaker. Dress for success. Be with good packaging such as dress code. Better to overdressd than undredressed. It definatly will enchance your image. Prepare a great intro and closing. Practice till you even can say them forward and backward. A great start with some humor or short story will definatly works. Try to filter out the ah ,Mmmm the presentation. It will annoy or will definalty will give uncomfertable reaction to the audience. To skip this try to join the local Toastmasters international club. Try to build your presentation in to an easy format to follow. Flip chat with key point works better on this .A handouts where participants can follow the topic that you will cover will works as well. Time is the most important element in public communication. Sharp with point with proper timing will always lead to a great opening and ending. Rehearse as much as you can. Always keep eye contact with the audience. Try to find some smiling audience. Move from one to one. Its a rewarding expriences when its comes to public communication. Its boots everything up. 4.0 Conclusion Oral communication is the most important component in any area such as business, relationship, family, work and etc. Without it interaction is almost imposible. Oral communication skills are crucial in handeling with others, and this is proven in any situation. As we in malaysia, there are some example of our everyday oral communication as Manglish . Originated from English, malay, hokkian, mandarin and tamil. We intend to add Lah in all the words as below. Come one lah, see how lah and etc. Got or not Means, do you have it ? When ah? Who ah? Where ah? in rising ahs mean respectively When? Who? Where? It noted that we shoud start a good proper words to correct us for a better future with better oral language in communication.